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Maternal Age and Family History Are Risk Factors for Ankylosing Spondylitis
F. JAVIER JIMÉNEZ-BALDERAS, ABRAHAM ZONANA-NACACH, M. LOURDES SÁNCHEZ, JUAN O. TALAVERA, LEONOR BARILE-FABRIS, MARTHA E. PÉREZ-RODRÍGUEZ, JORGE ARELLANO, and ANTONIO FRAGA
ABSTRACT.
Methods. Family history of AS (parents, uncles, and aunts), maternal age at delivery, and consecutive pregnancy number were assessed in the relatives of 40 Mexican Mestizo patients with definite AS (New York Criteria). Results. We evaluated the family history of AS in 34 families of 40 AS patients; 12 with none, 4 with a paternal history (4 healthy fathers with a brother with AS) (odds ratio, OR, 1.37, p = 0.75), 15 with a maternal history of AS, (15 healthy mothers with a brother with AS) (OR 1.4, p = 0.55), and 3 with both lines (OR 0.84, p = 0.92). In these families AS was more frequent in males (29%) than in females (10%), OR 3.40 (95% confidence interval, CI: 1.43-8.29, p = 0.003). Juvenile onset was more common in the offspring of mothers with family history (72%) (OR 13.0, 95% CI: 1.68-147.48, p = 0.009). The number of first-born children with AS (18%) was similar to the later-born children (23%) (OR 1.37, 95% CI: 0.38-5.31, p = 0.78). The frequency of AS increased when the maternal age at delivery was £ 30 years (OR 0.20, 95% CI: 0.04-0.75, p = 0.01). Conclusion. In Mexican Mestizo patients, there is no correlation between the risk for AS and the gender of the affected parent. However we found an association between juvenile onset and maternal family history with an increased incidence in patients with younger mothers. (J Rheumatol 2003; 30:2182-5) Key Indexing Terms:
ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS
From the Rheumatology Department and the Clinical Epidemiology Research Unit, Hospital de Especialidades; the Immunology Research Unit, Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City; the Biological Research Center, La Paz, BCS; and the Universidad Autonoma del Estado de México, México. F.J. Jiménez-Balderas, MD, Associate Professor of Medicine, Staff Rheumatologist; A. Zonana-Nacach, MD, Staff Rheumatologist; M.L. Sánchez, MD, Staff Rheumatologist; A. Fraga, Professor and Chairman, Rheumatology Department, Hospital de Especialidades; J.O. Talavera, MD, Associate Professor of Medicine, Clinical Epidemiology Research Unit, Hospital de Especialidades, Universidad Autonoma del Estado de México; L. Barile-Fabris, MD, Associate Professor of Medicine, Associate Investigator, Clinical Epidemiology Research Unit, Hospital de Especialidades; M.E. Pérez-Rodríguez, PhD, Immunology Research Unit, Hospital de Pediatría; J. Arellano, PhD, Biological Research Center. Address reprint requests to Dr. F.J. Jiménez-Balderas, Pregonero 161, Fracc. Colina del Sur, Delegación Álvaro Obregón, 01430 Mexico, DF, Mexico. E-mail: fjjimenez19@yahoo.com Submitted July 24, 2002; revision accepted March 28, 2003. |