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Vasculitis and Expression of Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1, Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1, and
E-Selectin in Salivary Glands of Patients with Sjögren's Syndrome
NURAN TURKCAPAR, SERPIL DIZBAY SAK, MUSTAFA SAATCI, MURAT DUMAN, and UMIT OLMEZ
ABSTRACT.
Objective. We investigated the relationship between clinical symptoms and the grade of histopathological damage and expression of adhesion molecules in salivary glands of patients with Sjögren's syndrome (SS). Methods. We studied untreated and recently diagnosed patients with primary (n = 20) and secondary SS [10 with SS and rheumatoid arthritis (RA); 10 with SS and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)] and 3 healthy controls. Salivary gland biopsies were performed in patients and controls and clinical data were obtained. Salivary gland biopsies were assessed for lymphocyte focus score and expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and E-selectin. In serum, antinuclear antibodies, rheumatoid factor, anti-Ro and anti-La antibodies, anti-a-fodrin IgA and IgG antibodies, and gamma-globulin concentrations were measured. Results. In salivary gland samples, ICAM-1 was expressed on vascular endothelial cells and lymphocyte foci, while VCAM-1 was expressed on vascular endothelial cells and follicular dendritic reticulin cells. There was a positive correlation between lymphocyte focus score and ICAM-1 expression (p < 0.05). We detected correlation between expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, and the expression of VCAM-1 was significantly related to vasculitis (p < 0.05). The areas of E-selectin expression and the dispersion and severity of staining were not correlated with the focus score or with patients' clinical features (p > 0.05). There was no correlation between the staining and autoantibody positivity and gamma-globulin levels. Conclusion. ICAM-1 may be important for lymphocyte recruitment and glandular damage and VCAM-1 may be important for the development of vasculitis in patients with SS. (J Rheumatol 2005;32:1063-70) Key Indexing Terms:
SJÖGREN'S SYNDROME
From the Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Pathology, and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey. Supported by the Foundation of Academic Research Projects of Ankara University. N. Turkcapar, MD; M. Duman, MD; U. Olmez, MD, Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology; S.D. Sak, MD, Department of Pathology; M. Saatci, MD, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. Address reprint requests to Dr. N. Turkcapar, 4. Sok. 22/50, Manolya Apt. Sogutozu, 06520 Ankara, Turkey. E-mail: nurant@tr.net Accepted for publication January 17, 2005. |