Eye Findings in Patients with Juvenile Dermatomyositis

JONATHAN D. AKIKUSA, DHENUKA K. TENNANKORE, ALEX V. LEVIN, and BRIAN M. FELDMAN

ABSTRACT.

Objective. Reports of eye involvement in juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM), including significant retinopathy with visual loss, have led some to recommend routine formal ophthalmologic assessments for all patients with JDM at diagnosis. Our objective was to document the frequency and spectrum of eye involvement in patients followed in a single clinic caring for children with JDM.

Methods. A chart review was conducted of formal ophthalmologic consultation notes for patients with JDM followed at the Hospital for Sick Children between 1981 and 2002.

Results. Ophthalmologic assessments were found for 82 of 108 patients with JDM. The mean age at diagnosis of JDM was 7.0 years and 68.3% were female. Forty-five patients (55.6%) had abnormal eye examinations. Lid manifestations, found in 37 patients (45.7%), were the most common abnormality. Fourteen patients (17.1%) had corticosteroid-induced cataracts. Two patients had retinal abnormalities; one had a small retinal hemorrhage, the other an incidental chorioretinal scar. Neither had impairment of vision. No patient had uveitis.

Conclusion. Eyelid and lens abnormalities are common in patients with JDM, while retinopathy is rare. As lid lesions and cataracts are easily detected by non-ophthalmologists, and retinal lesions are rare, we feel that JDM patients without visual symptoms do not require routine formal ophthalmologic assessment for disease manifestations. (J Rheumatol 2005;32:1986-91)

Key Indexing Terms:

JUVENILE DERMATOMYOSITIS
RETINOPATHY
CATARACTS
HELIOTROPE

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From the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Rheumatology, and Department of Ophthalmology, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto; and Department of Health Policy Management and Evaluation and Population Health Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

J.D. Akikusa, MBBS, FRACP, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Rheumatology; D.K. Tennankore, MD, Department of Pediatrics; A.V. Levin, MD, MHSc, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital for Sick Children; B.M. Feldman, MD, MSc, FRCPC, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Rheumatology, Hospital for Sick Children, Department of Health Policy Management and Evaluation and Population Health Sciences, University of Toronto.

Address reprint requests to Dr. B. Feldman, Division of Rheumatology, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8. E-mail: Brian.Feldman@sickkids.ca

Accepted for publication May 11, 2005.

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