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Extravasation into Synovial Tissue Induces CCL20 mRNA Expression in Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils of Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
JUDITH SCHLENK, HANNS-MARTIN LORENZ, JOHANNES-PETER HAAS, MARTIN HERRMANN, GERD HOHENBERGER, JOACHIM R. KALDEN, MARTIN RÖLLINGHOFF, and HORST ULRICH BEUSCHER
ABSTRACT. Methods. Paired samples of blood PMN and SF PMN were obtained from 11 patients with RA. In addition, SF was prepared from 9 patients with osteoarthritis (OA) and 10 patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). PMN were isolated via density centrifugation to a purity of 98%. Total RNA was isolated and the expression of CCL20 was determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and quantitative real-time PCR. In some experiments blood PMN obtained from healthy donors were stimulated with individual SF of patients with RA. For quantitative considerations, CXCL8, CCL20, interleukin 1, and tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) levels were determined in SF by ELISA. Results. In SF of RA patients CCL20 and CXCL8 levels were elevated, up to 7.5 ng/ml and 23.6 ng/ml, respectively. No significant level of either chemokine was found in SF of patients with JIA and OA. CCL20 mRNA was undetectable in blood PMN of all patients with RA. In SF PMN, CCL20 mRNA was found in 6/11 RA patients. Expression of CCL20 mRNA in 5/6 SF PMN samples was observed in the absence of detectable TNF-a levels in SF. Cell culture experiments, however, confirmed the ability of TNF-a in SF to induce CCL20 mRNA expression in blood PMN. Notably, expression of CCL20 was also found in PMN after stimulation with SF lacking TNF-a. Conclusion. Recruitment of PMN to the synovial microenvironment induces expression of CCL20 mRNA independent of the concentrations of TNF-a accumulating in SF of patients with RA. (J Rheumatol 2005;32:2291-8) Key Indexing Terms:
CCL20/MACROPHAGE INFLAMMATORY PROTEIN-3a From the Institute for Clinical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene; and Institute of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine V, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, University of Greifswald, Greifswald; and Orthopaedic Clinic Rummelsberg, Schwarzenbruck, Germany. Supported by the Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research (IZKF) B33 and Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, 01 KS 0002. J. Schlenk, MA; M. Röllinghoff, MD; H.U. Beuscher, PhD, Institute for Clinical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg; H-M. Lorenz, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine V, University of Heidelberg; J.P. Haas, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, University of Greifswald; M. Herrmann, PhD; J.R. Kalden, MD, Institute of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg; G. Hohenberger, MD, Orthopaedic Clinic Rummelsberg. Address reprint requests to Dr. H.U. Beuscher, Institute for Clinical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Wasserturmstrasse 3-5, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany. E-mail: beuscher@mikrobio.med.uni-erlangen.de Accepted for publication July 18, 2005. |