Response to a Urate-Lowering Diet According to Polymorphisms in the Apolipoprotein AI-CIII-AIV Cluster

FERNANDO CARDONA, FRANCISCO J. TINAHONES, EDUARDO COLLANTES, EDUARDO GARCIA-FUENTES, ALEJANDRO ESCUDERO, and FEDERICO SORIGUER

ABSTRACT.

Objective. The apolipoprotein AI-CIII-AIV cluster has been associated with the response to a urate-lowering diet, and polymorphisms in the apolipoprotein CIII gene have been associated with hyperuricemia and hypertriglyceridemia. We assessed the influence of polymorphisms in the apolipoprotein AI-CIII-AIV cluster on the response to a urate-lowering diet in patients with hyperuricemia.

Methods. A urate-lowering diet was followed for 2 weeks by 64 men with hyperuricemia. Plasma concentrations of triglycerides, cholesterol, glucose, and uric acid, and the uric acid clearance and 24-hour uric acid urinary excretory fraction were measured before and after the diet. The data were analyzed in association with the polymorphisms of the apolipoprotein AI-CIII-AIV gene cluster.

Results. After the urate-lowering diet, the plasma levels of triglycerides, cholesterol, glucose, and uric acid and 24-hour uric acid excretion all fell significantly. Paired sample ANOVA showed that the decrease was mainly due to the diet, except for the plasma triglycerides, which were influenced by allele X2 of the XmnI polymorphism of the apolipoprotein AI gene.

Conclusion. The response of the biological variables to a urate-lowering diet was mainly influenced by diet. Changes in triglycerides were also influenced by the apolipoprotein AI XmnI polymorphism (p = 0.04), suggesting a gene-diet interaction (p = 0.03). (J Rheumatol 2005;32:903-5)

Key Indexing Terms:

HYPERURICEMIA
APOLIPOPROTEIN AI-CIII-AIV GENE CLUSTER
DIET

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From the Rheumatology Service, Hospital Reina Sofia, Cordoba; and the Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital Civil, Carlos Haya University Hospital, Málaga, Spain.

Supported by grants from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III.

F. Cardona, PhD; F.J. Tinahones, MD, PhD; E. Garcia-Fuentes, PhD; F. Soriguer, MD, PhD, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital Civil, Carlos Haya University Hospital; E. Collantes, MD, PhD; A. Escudero, MD, Rheumatology Service, Hospital Reina Sofia. The investigation group belongs to the Red de Centros de Metabolismo y Nutrición (RCMN, C03/08) of the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.

Address reprint requests to Dr. F.J. Tinahones, Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición pabellon 1 sotano, Hospital Civil, Plaza del Hospital Civil s/n 29009, Malaga, Spain. E-mail: fjtinahones@terra.es

Submitted April 19, 2004; revision accepted October 14, 2004.

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