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Higher Prevalence of Fibromyalgia in Patients Infected with Human T Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type I
BORIS A. CRUZ, BERNADETE CATALAN-SOARES, FERNANDO PROIETTI, and The Interdisciplinary HTLV-I/II Research Group (GIPH) ABSTRACT. Objective. Inflammatory rheumatic conditions including rheumatoid arthritis and Sjögren's syndrome have been reported in individuals infected with human T cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I). Other chronic lymphotropic virus infections such as hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency virus are associated with fibromyalgia (FM). There are no reports about the association between HTLV-I infection and FM. We evaluated the association between FM and HTLV-I infection. Methods. We conducted a case-control study with prevalent cases. Ex-blood donation candidates with HTLV-I infection from a blood bank cohort, and healthy blood donors as a control group, were submitted to rheumatologic evaluation to compare the prevalence of FM. The following covariables were also evaluated: other rheumatic diseases, age, sex, personal income, level of education, and depression. Results. One hundred individuals with HTLV-I infection and 62 non-infected blood donors were studied. Thirty-eight (38%) HTLV-I infected individuals and 3 (4.8%) individuals from the control group presented the diagnosis of FM (OR 12.05, 95% CI 3.53–41.17). Other rheumatic diseases were also more prevalent in the infected group (37% vs 12.9%; OR 3.80, 95% CI 1.63–8.86). In multivariate analysis adjusted by the covariables, the association between HTLV-I and FM was statistically significant (OR 9.14, 95% CI 2.42–34.52). Conclusion. Our study shows a greater prevalence of FM in HTLV-I infected individuals, suggesting that FM may be associated with this viral infection. (J Rheumatol 2006;33:2300-3) Key Indexing Terms:
FIBROMYALGIA From the Rheumatology Department, Biocor Instituto, Nova Lima; Preventive Medicine Department, Medical School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte; and Department of Research, Hemominas Foundation, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Supported in part by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq). B.A. Cruz, MD, Rheumatology Department, Biocor Instituto, and Preventive Medicine Department, Medical School, Federal University of Minas Gerais; B. Catalan-Soares, MD, Department of Research, Hemominas Foundation; F. Proietti, MD, Preventive Medicine Department, Medical School, Federal University of Minas Gerais. Address reprint requests to Dr. B.A. Cruz, Rua Fernandes Tourinho, 999 Sala 107, 30.380-780 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. E-mail: boriscruz@terra.com.br Accepted for publication June 28, 2006.
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